Portable appliance testing Wikipedia. A common label for certifying that a device has been tested. Portable appliance testing commonly known as PAT, PAT Inspection or redundantly as PAT Testing is the name of a process in the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand and Australia by which electrical appliances are routinely checked for safety. The formal term for the process is in service inspection testing of electrical equipment. Testing involves a visual inspection of the equipment and any flexible cables for good condition, and also where required, verification of earthing grounding continuity, and a test of the soundness of insulation between the current carrying parts, and any exposed metal that may be touched. The formal limits for passfail of these electrical tests vary somewhat depending on the category of equipment being tested. Similar procedures exist in other countries, for example, testing of equipment according to DGUV Vorschrift 3 in Germany. PurposeeditHealth and safety regulations require that electrical appliances are safe and maintained to prevent harm to workers. Many equipment manufacturers recommend testing at regular intervals to ensure continual safety the interval between tests depending on both the type of appliance and the environment in which it is to be used. The European Low Voltage Directive governs the manufacture or importation of electrical appliances. Compliance to this has to be declared and indicated by the display of the CE mark on the product. The responsibility for this lies with the manufacturer or the importer and is policed by Trading Standards. Testing equipment has been specifically developed for PAT inspections, based on the testing equipment used by manufacturers to ensure compliance with the British Standard Code of Practice and European product standards relevant to that type of appliance. This in turn allows testing and the interpretation of results to be de skilled to a large extent. The inspection of the appliances can largely be carried out in house in many organisations. This can result in cost savings and more flexibility as to exactly when a PAT is carried out. Origin of NameeditPortable appliance testing is abbreviated as PAT. Electrical Apprenticeships. The electrical contracting industry is part of the construction industry and therefore electricians are generally responsible for the. The Surge Protection Device SPD is a component of the electrical installation protection system. Electrical Apprenticeship. The work of an Electrician is varied and can include the following Installing and maintaining cables, wiring, conduits, fitments, meters. The correct term for the whole process is In service Inspection Testing of Electrical Equipment as defined by IETIEE and City and Guilds. In Australia and New Zealand, the common name for PAT is simply Test and Tag. The regulatory guidelines are set out in ASNZS3. UK legal obligationseditAppliances British law the Electricity at Work Regulations 1. Testing and commissioning procedure for electrical installation in government buildings of the hong kong special administrative region 2007 edition. Model 113 English Instruction Sheet Page 1 113 Electrical Multimeter Instruction Sheet Safety Information A Warning statement identifies hazardous conditions and. Private houses are not covered by this legislation, although occupiers liability requires householders not to deliberately expose occupants or visitors to unreasonable risks. The HSE and the local authority are responsible for the policing of this legislation. Fixed wiring in buildings Guidance from the Institution of Engineering and Technology IET, published under the IEE brand and the Health and Safety Executive HSE recommends that a competent person must inspect the installation regularly in any public building or a place that people work. They suggest initial intervals for combined inspection and testing that range from three months for construction equipment to one year, and in many cases, longer periods for re testing certain types of appliance in schools, hotels, offices and shops. Although the Electricity at Work Regulations 1. UK businesses, there is no obligation to undertake PAT inspection. In reality neither act nor their corresponding regulations and associated statutory instruments detail PAT inspection as an obligation, but rather impose a requirement of maintenance of safety and evidence of routine maintenance for all hand held, portable and plug in equipment. Today a great many private companies and other organizations do meet their legal obligations to protect their workers by an enforced PAT regime, but it is not the only route. Recent HSE publications have relaxed their tone somewhat to acknowledge this, and now point out that in many situations annual PAT is disproportionate to the risks and is often not required. In 2. HSE reviewed its approach to portable appliance maintenance in its own offices. Thinking about the type of equipment in use, and how it was used, the HSE looked back at the results from its annual testing of portable appliances across its estate over the last five years. Using the results of the previous tests, the HSE decided that further portable appliance tests are not needed within the foreseeable future or at all for certain types of portable equipment. Also, they decided to continue to monitor any faults reported as a result of user checks and visual inspections and review its maintenance system if evidence suggests that it needs revising. Electrical equipment will continue to be maintained by a series of user checks and visual inspections by staff that have had some training. Key Points Annual portable appliance testing is not always necessary in low risk environments. You do not need to be qualified as an electrician to carry out visual inspections. Regular user checks and visual inspections can be a good method of maintaining portable electric equipment. Origins in UKeditThe earliest formal portable appliance testing and inspection of both electrical installations and high risk equipment was introduced in the UK in government estates. This was under the control of the Property Services Agency prior to 1. Ministry of Public Building and Works. In some cases testing was conducted on a three month high risk and six month low risk cycle from the early 1. Extensive record keeping was made into log books and generally the equipment used was an insulation resistance tester, simple hand tools and visual inspection. Evidence of testing was clearly visible to workers in the form of passed, tested for electrical safety and do not use after. This early testing and inspection was done under a planned maintenance scheme and pre dated both the Health and Safety at Work Act 1. How To Test Electrical Installations In Buildings' title='How To Test Electrical Installations In Buildings' />Electricity at Work Act 1. Site and campus requirements, events and contractorseditIn the UK there is no legal instrument that requires a sub contractor to ensure that all tools and equipment are PAT inspected before bringing onto a site of work. Neither is there any legal instrument which obliges the site owner to ensure third party equipment is PAT inspected either by themselves or the equipment owner. DB422185_EN.svg/497px-DB422185_EN.svg.png' alt='How To Test Electrical Installations In Buildings' title='How To Test Electrical Installations In Buildings' />The internal policies of many UK businesses and educational establishments make mistaken reference to PAT inspection being a legal requirement under the Electricity at Work Regulations, which is false. Having such a policy is legitimate for internal reasons, but it is not underwritten by law, it is only their interpretation. Therefore, it is not a legal requirement to have a PAT inspection sticker or certificate, the obligation is that equipment must be safe. The HSE recommend policies use phrases such as Equipment that is brought onto site for an event must be in a safe condition and refrain from overzealous statements such as must be PAT inspected which can be restrictive without improving safety. Overall it is safer if a competent person makes a visual inspection than if a layman merely observes the presence of a sticker. 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